GERMAN
SPANISH
FRENCH
ITALIAN
Table of contents
16
17
18
19
20
previous chapters
1-5
6-10
11-15
21-24
next chapters
Interrogative pronouns - an introduction
quién
cuál
qué
cómo
cuánta, cuánto, cuántas, cuántos
por qué
dónde
Interrogative pronouns in exclamations
gustar
Vocabulary
Exercise
Verbs of changes - an introduction
Overview over the system
volverse
convertirse en
ponerse
hacerse
quedarse
Focussing on the change
resultar
llegar a ser
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Exercise (verbs of changes)
Cardinal numbers
veinticinco and diecisiete
, but treinta y tres and cuarenta y ocho
un, uno, una
ciento
ciento
in plural forms
Singulars on the hundred
mil
and millión in plural form
un millón de
no un before cien and mil
More examples
Ordinal numbers
Ordinal numbers change
Ordinal numbers from 1 to hundred
Ordinal numbers beyond one hundred
Use of cardinal numbers instead of ordinal numbers
Every single element of an ordinal number is changed
Fractions
Formation of fractions
In Latin America fractions are used as ordinal numbers
Fractions are masculine, appended with de
Plural of fractions
Collective numbers
Vocabulary
Exercise (cardinal numbers)
Exercise (ordinal numbers)
Exercise (fractions)
Expressions of time - an introduction
Expressions of time in Spanish
Asking the time
Expressions of time in connection with prepositions
Expressions of date
Expressions of date in connection with prepositions
Months
Expressions of dates with years
Giving a date with the weekday
Week days
Dates in centuries and decades
Seasons
Vocabulary
Exercise (expressions of time)
Exercise (expressions of date)
Modal verbs - an introduction
Modal verbs with compound past tenses I
Modal verbs with compound past tenses II
Modal verbs with compound past tenses III
No difference in simple (not compound) tenses
must / to have to = tener que
Unclear degree of freedom of choice
No freedom of choice
Freedom of choice depending on the demanding person
No freedom of choice, if the room for manoeuvre is determined by a logical consequence
tener que
and have to with very limited freedom of choice
shall = deber
should with moral duty
Determination of the degree of freedom of choice
should and have to in negative clauses
The demanding person as representative of a powerful authority
deber,
if there is room for manoeuvre
tener que
and deber depending on attitude
deber,
if used for moral principles
deber
as expression of presumptions
deber
in conjuntivo
Cases that allow should and have to / must
Summary I
Summary
II (tener que and deber in the conjunctive tense)
hay que
haber de
poder
poder
as expression of presumptions
no hay que, tener que, no hace falta que
no hay que
with definite subject
basta que
may
might
querer
querer
in interrogative clauses
Summary III
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Exercise (modal verbs in compound past tenses)
Exercise (tener que, deber, hay que)
Exercise (need, may)
Repetition
Exercise (demonstrative pronouns)
chapter 10
Exercise (possessive pronouns)
chapter 10
Exercise (prepositions)
chapter 10
Exercise (comparative)
chapter 13
Exercise (conjunctions)
chapter 14
Exercise (relative clauses)
chapter 15
Exercise (interrogative clauses)
chapter 16
previous chapters
1-5
6-10
11-15
21-24
next chapters
