4.5 Declension with pronouns

As mentioned (once or twice) before the pronouns are a the interesting part in the declension. Later on we'll have a look at personal pronouns in connection with prepositions (chapter 4.12.), but first let's have look at the summary of declined pronouns:

  English

basic form (nominativo)

direct object (acusativo)

indirect object (dativo)

I

me
I see me.
me
I give me a book.
you

you
I see you.
you
I give you a book.
he

him
I see him.
him
I give him a book.
she

her
I see her.
her
I give her a book.
it

it
I see it.
it
I give it a book.
we

us
I see us.
us
I give us a book.
you

you
I see you.
you
I give you a book.
they

them
I see them.
them
I give them a book.



No surprise here - there is no difference between direct and indirect object in English. In a first step you need to find out whether it is a direct or an indirect object. You have an indirect object if you form the sentence the way that you use the preposition to before the personal pronoun.

I give him a book. => I give a book to him.
here you have definitely an indirect object!

  Spanish

nominativo

direct object (acusativo)

indirect object (dativo)

 
yo

me
Yo me veo
me
Yo me regalo un libro


te
Yo te veo
te
Yo te regalo un libro
él

le / lo *
Yo le / lo veo
le
Yo le regalo un libro
ella

la
Yo la veo
le
Yo le regalo un libro
**
**
**
nosotros
nosotras
nos
Yo nos veo
nos
Yo nos regalo un libro
vosotros
vosotras
os
Yo os veo
os
Yo os regalo un libro
ellos

les / los *
Yo les / los veo
les
Yo les regalo un libro
ellas

las
Yo las veo
les
Yo les regalo un libro


* The differences between le and lo will be discussed in detail in chapter 4.7 .
** There are no neutral nouns in Spanish; therefore there is no need for a neutral personal pronoun

As you can see the differences between direct object and indirect object are not that big. They are to be found only in the third person (singular and plural).








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