I. Lazaro Tells about His Life and His Parents

Pues sepa vuestra merced, ante todas cosas, que a mí llaman Lázaro de Tormes, hijo de Tomé González y de Antona Pérez, naturales de Tejares, aldea de Salamanca. Mi nacimiento fue dentro del río Tormes, por la cual causa tomé el sobrenombre; y fue de esta manera: mi padre, que Dios perdone, tenía cargo de proveer una molienda de una aceña que está ribera de aquel río, en la cual fue molinero más de quince años; y, estando mi madre una noche en la aceña, preñada de mí, tomóle el parto y parióme allí. De manera que con verdad me puedo decir nacido en el río.

You should know first of all that I'm called Lazaro of Tormes, and that I'm the son of Tome Gonzales and Antona Perez, who were born in Tejares, a village near Salamanca. I was actually born in the Tormes River, and that's how I got my name. It happened this way: My father (God rest his soul) was in charge of a mill on the bank of that river, and he was the miller there for more than fifteen years. Well, one night while my mother was in the mill, carrying me around in her belly, she went into labor and gave birth to me right there. So I can really say I was born in the river.

Pues siendo yo niño de ocho años, achacaron a mi padre ciertas sangrías mal hechas en los costales de los que allí a moler venían, por lo cual fue preso, y confesó y no negó, y padeció persecución por justicia. Espero en Dios que está en la gloria, pues el Evangelio los llama bienaventurados.

Then when I was eight years old, they accused my father of gutting the sacks that people were bringing to the mill. They took him to jail, and without a word of protest he went ahead and confessed everything, and he suffered persecution for righteousness' sake. But I trust God that he's in heaven because the Bible calls that kind of man blessed.

En este tiempo se hizo cierta armada contra moros, entre los cuales fue mi padre (que a la sazón estaba desterrado por el desastre ya dicho), con cargo de acemilero de un caballero que allá fue. Y con su señor, como leal criado, feneció su vida.

At that time they were getting together an expedition to go fight the Moors, and my father went with them. They had exiled him because of the bad luck that I've already told about, so he went along as a muleteer for one of the men, and like a loyal servant, he ended his life with his master.

Mi viuda madre, como sin marido y sin abrigo se viese, determinó arrimarse a los buenos por ser uno de ellos, y vínose a vivir a la ciudad y alquiló una casilla y metióse a guisar de comer a ciertos estudiantes, y lavaba la ropa a ciertos mozos de caballos del comendador de la Magdalena, de manera que fue frecuentando las caballerizas. Ella y un hombre moreno de aquellos que las bestias curaban vinieron en conocimiento.

My widowed mother, finding herself without a husband or anyone to take care of her, decided to lie at the side--I mean, stay on the side--of good men and be like them. So she came to the city to live. She rented a little house and began to cook for some students. She washed clothes for some stableboys who served the Commander of La Magdalena, too, so a lot of the time she was around the stables. She and a dark man--one of those men who took care of the animals-- got to know each other.

Éste algunas veces se venía a nuestra casa y se iba a la mañana. Otras veces, de día llegaba a la puerta en achaque de comprar huevos, y entrábase en casa. Yo, al principio de su entrada, pesábame con él y habíale miedo, viendo el color y mal gesto que tenía; mas, de que vi que con su venida mejoraba el comer, fuile queriendo bien, porque siempre traía pan, pedazos de carne y en el invierno leños a que nos calentábamos.

Sometimes he would come to our house and wouldn't leave till the next morning; and other times he would come to our door in the daytime pretending that he wanted to buy eggs, and then he would come inside. When he first began to come I didn't like him, he scared me because of the color of his skin and the way he looked. But when I saw that with him around there the food got better, I began to like him quite a lot. He always brought bread and pieces of meat, and in the winter he brought in firewood so we could keep warm.

De manera que, continuando la posada y conversación, mi madre vino a darme un negrito muy bonito, el cual yo brincaba y ayudaba a calentar. Y acuérdome que, estando el negro de mi padrastro trebejando con el mozuelo, como el niño vía a mi madre y a mí blancos y a él no, huía de él, con miedo, para mi madre, y, señalando con el dedo, decía:
-¡Madre, coco!
Respondió él riendo:
-¡Hideputa!

So with his visits and the relationship going right along, it happened that my mother gave me a pretty little black baby, and I used to bounce it on my knee and help keep it warm.

I remember one time when my black stepfather was playing with the little fellow, the child noticed that my mother and I were white but that my stepfather wasn't and he got scared. He ran to my mother and pointed his finger at him and said, "Mama, it's the bogeyman!" And my stepfather laughed: "You little son-of-a-bitch!"

Yo, aunque bien mochacho, noté aquella palabra de mi hermanico, y dije entre mí: «¡Cuántos debe de haber en el mundo que huyen de otros porque no se ven a sí mismos!». Quiso nuestra fortuna que la conversación del Zaide, que así se llamaba, llegó a oídos del mayordomo, y, hecha pesquisa, hallóse que la mitad por medio de la cebada, que para las bestias le daban, hurtaba, y salvados, leña, almohazas, mandiles, y las mantas y sábanas de los caballos hacía perdidas; y, cuando otra cosa no tenía, las bestias desherraba, y con todo esto acudía a mi madre para criar a mi hermanico.

Even though I was still a young boy, I thought about the word my little brother had used, and I said to myself: How many people there must be in the world who run away from others when they don't see themselves.

As luck would have it, talk about Zaide (that was my stepfather's name) reached the ears of the foreman, and when a search was made they found out that he'd been stealing about half of the barley that was supposed to be given to the animals. He'd pretended that the bran, wool, currycombs, aprons, and the horse covers and blankets had been lost; and when there was nothing else left to steal, he took the shoes right off the horses' hooves. And he was using all this to buy things for my mother so that she could bring up my little brother.

No nos maravillemos de un clérigo ni fraile, porque el uno hurta de los pobres y el otro de casa para sus devotas y para ayuda de otro tanto, cuando a un pobre esclavo el amor le animaba a esto. Y probósele cuanto digo, y aún más; porque a mí con amenazas me preguntaban, y, como niño, respondía y descubría cuanto sabía con miedo: hasta ciertas herraduras que por mandado de mi madre a un herrero vendí.

Why should we be surprised at priests when they steal from the poor or at friars when they take things from their monasteries to give to their lady followers, or for other things, when we see how love can make a poor slave do what he did?

And they found him guilty of everything I've said and more because they asked me questions and threatened me too, and I answered them like a child. I was so frightened that I told them everything I knew--even about some horseshoes my mother had made me sell to a blacksmith.

Al triste de mi padrastro azotaron y pringaron, y a mi madre pusieron pena por justicia, sobre el acostumbrado centenario, que en casa del sobredicho comendador no entrase ni al lastimado Zaide en la suya acogiese.

They beat and tarred my poor stepfather, and they gave my mother a stiff sentence besides the usual hundred lashes: they said that she couldn't go into the house of the Commander (the one I mentioned) and that she couldn't take poor Zaide into her own house.

Por no echar la soga tras el caldero, la triste se esforzó y cumplió la sentencia. Y, por evitar peligro y quitarse de malas lenguas, se fue a servir a los que al presente vivían en el mesón de la Solana; y allí, padeciendo mil importunidades, se acabó de criar mi hermanico hasta que supo andar, y a mí hasta ser buen mozuelo, que iba a los huéspedes por vino y candelas y por lo demás que me mandaban.

So that matters wouldn't get any worse, the poor woman went ahead and carried out the sentence. And to avoid any danger and get away from wagging tongues, she went to work as a servant for the people who were living at the Solano Inn then. And there, while putting up with all kinds of indignities, she managed to raise my little brother until he knew how to walk. And she even raised me to be a good little boy who would take wine and candles to the guests and do whatever else they told me.

En este tiempo vino a posar al mesón un ciego, el cual, pareciéndole que yo sería para adestralle, me pidió a mi madre, y ella me encomendó a él, diciéndole cómo era hijo de un buen hombre, el cual, por ensalzar la fe, había muerto en la de los Gelves, y que ella confiaba en Dios no saldría peor hombre que mi padre, y que le rogaba me tratase bien y mirase por mí, pues era huérfano. Él respondió que así lo haría y que me recibía, no por mozo, sino por hijo. Y así le comencé a servir y adestrar a mi nuevo y viejo amo.

About this time a blind man came by and stayed at the inn. He thought I would be a good guide for him, so he asked my mother if I could serve him, and she said I could. She told him what a good man my father had been and how he'd died in the battle of Gelves for the holy faith. She said she trusted God that I wouldn't turn out any worse a man than my father, and she begged him to be good to me and look after me, since I would be an orphan now. He told her he would and said that I wouldn't be a servant to him, but a son. And so I began to serve and guide my new old master.

Como estuvimos en Salamanca algunos días, pareciéndole a mi amo que no era la ganancia a su contento, determinó irse de allí; y cuando nos hubimos de partir, yo fui a ver a mi madre, y, ambos llorando, me dio su bendición y dijo:
-Hijo, ya sé que no te veré más. Procura de ser bueno, y Dios te guíe. Criado te he y con buen amo te he puesto; válete por ti.
Y así me fui para mi amo, que esperándome estaba.

After he had been in Salamanca a few days, my master wasn't happy with the amount of money he was taking in, and he decided to go somewhere else. So when we were ready to leave, I went to see my mother. And with both of us crying she gave me her blessing and said, "Son, I know that I'll never see you again. Try to be good, and may God be your guide. I've raised you and given you to a good master; take good care of yourself."

And then I went back out to my master who was waiting for me.

Salimos de Salamanca, y, llegando a la puente, está a la entrada de ella un animal de piedra, que casi tiene forma de toro, y el ciego mandóme que llegase cerca del animal, y, allí puesto, me dijo:
-Lázaro, llega el oído a este toro y oirás gran ruido dentro de él. Yo simplemente llegué, creyendo ser así. Y como sintió que tenía la cabeza par de la piedra, afirmó recio la mano y diome una gran calabazada en el diablo del toro, que más de tres días me duró el dolor de la cornada, y díjome:
-Necio, aprende, que el mozo del ciego un punto ha de saber más que el diablo.

We left Salamanca and we came to a bridge; and at the edge of this bridge there's a stone statue of an animal that looks something like a bull. The blind man told me to go up next to the animal, and when I was there he said, "Lazaro, put your ear up next to this bull and you'll hear a great sound inside of it."

I put my ear next to it very simply, thinking he was telling the truth. And when he felt my head near the statue, he doubled up his fist and knocked my head into that devil of a bull so hard that I felt the pain from its horns for three days. And he said to me, "You fool, now learn that a blind man's servant has to be one step ahead of the devil."

Y rió mucho la burla. Parecióme que en aquel instante desperté de la simpleza en que, como niño, dormido estaba. Dije entre mí: «Verdad dice éste, que me cumple avivar el ojo y avisar, pues solo soy, y pensar cómo me sepa valer». Comenzamos nuestro camino, y en muy pocos días me mostró jerigonza. Y, como me viese de buen ingenio, holgábase mucho y decía:

And he laughed out loud at his joke.

It seemed to me that at that very instant I woke up from my childlike simplicity and I said to myself, "He's right. I've got to open my eyes and be on my guard. I'm alone now, and I've got to think about taking care of myself."

We started on our way again, and in just a few days he taught me the slang thieves use. When he saw what a quick mind I had he was really happy, and he said,

-Yo oro ni plata no te lo puedo dar; mas avisos para vivir muchos te mostraré. Y fue así, que, después de Dios, éste me dio la vida, y, siendo ciego, me alumbró y adestró en la carrera de vivir. Huelgo de contar a vuestra merced estas niñerías, para mostrar cuánta virtud sea saber los hombres subir siendo bajos, y dejarse bajar siendo altos, cuánto vicio.

"I can't give you any gold or silver, but I can give you plenty of hints on how to stay alive." And that's exactly what he did; after God, it was this fellow who gave me life and who, although he was blind, enlightened me and showed me how to live.

I like to tell you these silly things to show what virtue there is in men being able to raise themselves up from the depths, and what a vice it is for them to let themselves slip down from high stations.

Pues, tornando al bueno de mi ciego y contando sus cosas, vuestra merced sepa que, desde que Dios crió el mundo, ninguno formó más astuto ni sagaz. En su oficio era un águila: ciento y tantas oraciones sabía de coro; un tono bajo, reposado y muy sonable, que hacía resonar la iglesia donde rezaba; un rostro humilde y devoto, que, con muy buen continente, ponía cuando rezaba, sin hacer gestos ni visajes con boca ni ojos, como otros suelen hacer.

Well, getting back to my dear blind man and telling about his ways, you should know that from the time God created the world there's no one He made smarter or sharper than that man. At his job he was sly as a fox. He knew over a hundred prayers by heart. He would use a low tone, calm and very sonorous, that would make the church where he was praying echo. And whenever he prayed, he would put on a humble and pious expression--something he did very well. And he wouldn't make faces or grimaces with his mouth or eyes the way others do.

Allende de esto, tenía otras mil formas y maneras para sacar el dinero. Decía saber oraciones para muchos y diversos efectos: para mujeres que no parían; para las que estaban de parto; para las que eran malcasadas, que sus maridos las quisiesen bien. Echaba pronósticos a las preñadas: si traían hijo o hija. Pues en caso de medicina decía que Galeno no supo la mitad que él para muelas, desmayos, males de madre.

Besides this he had thousands of other ways of getting money. He told everyone that he knew prayers for lots of different things: for women who couldn't have children or who were in labor; for those women who weren't happy in their marriage--so that their husbands would love them more. He would give predictions to expectant mothers about whether they would have a boy or a girl. And as far as medicine was concerned, he said that Galen never knew the half of what he did about toothaches, fainting spells, and female illnesses.

Finalmente, nadie le decía padecer alguna pasión, que luego no le decía: -Haced esto, haréis esto otro, cosed tal yerba, tomad tal raíz. Con esto andábase todo el mundo tras él, especialmente mujeres, que cuanto les decía creían. De éstas sacaba él grandes provechos con las artes que digo, y ganaba más en un mes que cien ciegos en un año.

In fact, there was no one who would tell him they were sick that he couldn't immediately say to them: "Do this, and then is; take this herb, or take that root."

And so everyone came to him--especially women--and they believed everything he told them. He got a lot out of them with these ways I've been telling about; in fact, he earned more in a month than a hundred ordinary blind men earn in a year.

Mas también quiero que sepa vuestra merced que, con todo lo que adquiría y tenía, jamás tan avariento ni mezquino hombre no vi; tanto, que me mataba a mí de hambre, y así no me demediaba de lo necesario. Digo verdad: si con mi sutileza y buenas mañas no me supiera remediar, muchas veces me finara de hambre; mas, con todo su saber y aviso, le contaminaba de tal suerte que siempre, o las más veces, me cabía lo más y mejor. Para esto le hacía burlas endiabladas, de las cuales contaré algunas, aunque no todas a mi salvo.

But I want you to know, too, that even with all he got and all that he had, I've never seen a more greedy, miserly man. He was starving me to death. He didn't even give me enough to keep me alive! I'm telling the truth: If I hadn't known how to help myself with my wily ways and some pretty clever tricks, I would have died of hunger lots of times. But with all his know-how and carefulness I outwitted him, so that I always--or usually--really got the better of him. The way I did this was I played some devilish tricks on him, and I'll tell about some of them, even though I didn't come out on top every time.

Él traía el pan y todas las otras cosas en un fardel de lienzo, que por la boca se cerraba con una argolla de hierro y su candado y llave; y al meter de las cosas y sacallas, era con tanta vigilancia y tan por contadero, que no bastara todo el mundo a hacerle menos una migaja.

He carried the bread and all the other things in a cloth bag, and he kept the neck of it closed with an iron ring that had a padlock and key. And when he put things in or took them out, he did it so carefully and counted everything so well that no one in the world could have gotten a crumb from him.

Mas yo tomaba aquella lacería que él me daba, la cual en menos de dos bocados era despachada. Después que cerraba el candado y se descuidaba, pensando que yo estaba entendiendo en otras cosas, por un poco de costura, que muchas veces del un lado del fardel descosía y tornaba a coser, sangraba el avariento fardel, sacando, no por tasa pan, más buenos pedazos, torreznos y longaniza. Y así, buscaba conveniente tiempo para rehacer, no la chaza, sino la endiablada falta que el mal ciego me faltaba.

So I'd take what little he gave me, and in less than two mouthfuls it would be gone.

After he had closed the lock and forgotten about it, thinking that I was busy with other things, I would begin to bleed the miserly bag dry. There was a little seam on the side of the bag that I'd rip open and sew up again. And I would take out bread-- not little crumbs, either, but big hunks--and I'd get bacon and sausage too. And so I was always looking for the right time to score, not on a ball field, but on the food in that blasted bag that the tyrant of a blind man kept away from me.

Todo lo que podía sisar y hurtar traía en medias blancas, y, cuando le mandaban rezar y le daban blancas, como él carecía de vista, no había el que se la daba amagado con ella, cuando yo la tenía lanzada en la boca y la media aparejada, que, por presto que él echaba la mano, ya iba de mi cambio aniquilada en la mitad del justo precio. Quejábaseme el mal ciego, porque al tiento luego conocía y sentía que no era blanca entera, y decía:

And then, every time I had a chance I'd steal half copper coins. And when someone gave him a copper to say a prayer for them--and since he couldn't see--they'd no sooner have offered it than I would pop it into my mouth and have a half-copper ready. And as soon as he stuck out his hand, there was my coin reduced to half price. Then the old blind man would start growling at me. As soon as he felt it and realized that it wasn't a whole copper he'd say,

-¿Qué diablo es esto, que, después que comigo estás, no me dan sino medias blancas, y de antes una blanca y un maravedí hartas veces me pagaban? En ti debe estar esta desdicha. También él abreviaba el rezar y la mitad de la oración no acababa, porque me tenía mandado que, en yéndose el que la mandaba rezar, le tirase por cabo del capuz. Yo así lo hacía. Luego él tornaba a dar voces diciendo: -¿Mandan rezar tal y tal oración? - como suelen decir. Usaba poner cabe sí un jarrillo de vino cuando comíamos, y yo muy de presto le asía y daba un par de besos callados y tornábale a su lugar.

"How the devil is it that now that you're with me they never give me anything but half coppers, when they almost always used to give me a copper or a two-copper piece? I'd swear that this is all your fault."

He used to cut his prayers short, too; he wouldn't even get halfway through them. He told me to pull on the end of his cloak whenever the person who asked for the prayer had gone. So that's what I did. Then he'd begin to call out again with his cry, "Who would like to have me say a prayer for him?" in his usual way.

And he always put a little jug of wine next to him when we ate. I would grab it quickly and give it a couple of quiet kisses before I put it back in its place.

Mas duróme poco, que en los tragos conocía la falta, y, por reservar su vino a salvo, nunca después desamparaba el jarro, antes lo tenía por el asa asido. Mas no había piedra imán que así trajese a sí como yo con una paja larga de centeno que para aquel menester tenía hecha, la cual, metiéndola en la boca del jarro, chupando el vino, lo dejaba a buenas noches. Mas, como fuese el traidor tan astuto, pienso que me sintió, y dende en adelante mudó propósito y asentaba su jarro entre las piernas y atapábale con la mano, y así bebía seguro.

But that didn't go on for very long: he could tell by the number of nips he took that some was missing. So to keep his wine safe he never let the jug out of reach; he'd always hold on to the handle. But not even a magnet could attract the way I could with a long rye straw that I had made for that very purpose. And I'd stick it in the mouth of the jug and suck until--good-bye, wine! But the old traitor was so wary that I think he must have sensed me, because from then on he stopped that and put the jug between his legs. And even then he kept his hand over the top to make sure.

Yo, como estaba hecho al vino, moría por él, y viendo que aquel remedio de la paja no me aprovechaba ni valía, acordé en el suelo del jarro hacerle una fuentecilla y agujero sutil, y, delicadamente, con una muy delgada tortilla de cera, taparlo; y, al tiempo de comer, fingiendo haber frío, entrábame entre las piernas del triste ciego a calentarme en la pobrecilla lumbre que teníamos, y, al calor de ella luego derretida la cera, por ser muy poca, comenzaba la fuentecilla a destilarme en la boca, la cual yo de tal manera ponía, que maldita la gota se perdía. Cuando el pobreto iba a beber, no hallaba nada.

But I got so used to drinking wine that I was dying for it. And when I saw that my straw trick wouldn't work, I decided to make a spout by carving a little hole in the bottom of the jug and then sealing it off neatly with a little thin strip of wax. When it was mealtime, I'd pretend I was cold and get in between the legs of the miserable blind man to warm up by the little fire we had. And the heat of it would melt the wax, since it was such a tiny piece. Then the wine would begin to trickle from the spout into my mouth, and I got into a position so that I wouldn't miss a blasted drop. When the poor fellow went to drink he wouldn't find a thing.

Espantábase, maldecíase, daba al diablo el jarro y el vino, no sabiendo qué podía ser. -No diréis, tío, que os lo bebo yo -decía-, pues no le quitáis de la mano.

Tantas vueltas y tientos dio al jarro, que halló la fuente y cayó en la burla; mas así lo disimuló como si no lo hubiera sentido.

He'd draw back, astonished, then he'd curse and damn the jar and the wine, not knowing what could have happened.

"You can't say that I drank it, Sir," I said, "since you never let it out of your hand."

But he kept turning the jug around and feeling it, until he finally discovered the hole and saw through my trick. But he pretended that he hadn't found out.

Y luego otro día, teniendo yo rezumando mi jarro como solía, no pensando el daño que me estaba aparejado ni que el mal ciego me sentía, sentéme como solía; estando recibiendo aquellos dulces tragos, mi cara puesta hacia el cielo, un poco cerrados los ojos por mejor gustar el sabroso licor, sintió el desesperado ciego que agora tenía tiempo de tomar de mí venganza, y con toda su fuerza, alzando con dos manos aquel dulce y amargo jarro, le dejó caer sobre mi boca, ayudándose, como digo, con todo su poder, de manera que el pobre Lázaro, que de nada de esto se guardaba, antes, como otras veces, estaba descuidado y gozoso, verdaderamente me pareció que el cielo, con todo lo que en él hay, me había caído encima.

Then one day I was tippling on my jug as usual, without realizing what was in store for me or even that the blind man had found me out. I was sitting the same as always, taking in those sweet sips, my face turned toward the sky and my eyes slightly closed so I could really savor the delicious liquor. The dirty blind man saw that now was the time to take out his revenge on me, and he raised that sweet and bitter jug with both his hands and smashed it down on my mouth with all his might. As I say, he used all his strength, and poor Lazaro hadn't been expecting anything like this; in fact, I was drowsy and happy as always. So it seemed like the sky and everything in it had really fallen down on top of me.

Fue tal el golpecillo, que me desatinó y sacó de sentido, y el jarrazo tan grande, que los pedazos de él se me metieron por la cara, rompiéndomela por muchas partes, y me quebró los dientes, sin los cuales hasta hoy día me quedé.
Desde aquella hora quise mal al mal ciego, y, aunque me quería y regalaba y me curaba, bien vi que se había holgado del cruel castigo. Lavóme con vino las roturas que con los pedazos del jarro me había hecho, y, sonriéndose, decía:

The little tap sent me reeling and knocked me unconscious, and that enormous jug was so huge that pieces of it stuck in my face, cutting me in several places and knocking out my teeth, so that I don't have them to this very day.

From that minute I began to hate that old blind man. Because, even though he took care of me and treated me all right and fixed me up, I saw that he had really enjoyed his dirty trick. He used wine to wash the places where the pieces of the jug had cut me, and he smiled and said,

-¿Qué te parece Lázaro? Lo que te enfermó te sana y da salud -y otros donaires que a mi gusto no lo eran. Ya que estuve medio bueno de mi negra trepa y cardenales, considerando que, a pocos golpes tales, el cruel ciego ahorraría de mí, quise yo ahorrar de él; mas no lo hice tan presto, por hacello más a mi salvo y provecho.

"How about that, Lazaro? The very thing that hurt you is helping to cure you." And he made other witty remarks that I didn't particularly care for.

When I had about recovered from the beating and the black and blue marks were nearly gone, I realized that with a few more blows like that the blind man would have gotten rid of me. So I decided to be rid of him. But I didn't run away right then; I waited until I could do it in a safer and better way.

Y aunque yo quisiera asentar mi corazón y perdonalle el jarrazo, no daba lugar el maltratamiento que el mal ciego dende allí adelante me hacía, que sin causa ni razón me hería, dándome coscorrones y repelándome.

Y si alguno le decía por qué me trataba tan mal, luego contaba el cuento del jarro, diciendo:
-¿Pensaréis que este mi mozo es algún inocente? Pues oíd si el demonio ensayara otra tal hazaña. Santiguándose los que lo oían, decían:
-¡ Mirá quién pensara de un muchacho tan pequeño tal ruindad!
Y reían mucho el artificio y decíanle:

And although I wanted to be kind and forgive the blind man for hitting me with the jug, I couldn't because of the harsh treatment he gave me from then on. Without any reason he would hit me on the head and yank on my hair. And if anyone asked him why he beat me so much, he would tell them about the incident with the jug: "Do you think this boy of mine is just some innocent little fellow? Well, listen and see if you think the devil himself would try anything like this."

After they'd heard about it, they would cross themselves and say, "Well--who would ever think that such a little boy would do anything like that!"

Then they'd laugh at the prank and tell him, "Go on, beat him. God will give you your reward."

-¡Castigadlo, castigadlo, que de Dios lo habréis! Y él, con aquello, nunca otra cosa hacía.
Y en esto yo siempre le llevaba por los peores caminos, y adrede, por hacerle mal y daño; si había piedras, por ellas; si lodo, por lo más alto; que, aunque yo no iba por lo más enjuto, holgábame a mí de quebrar un ojo por quebrar dos al que ninguno tenía. Con esto, siempre con el cabo alto del tiento me atentaba el colodrillo, el cual siempre traía lleno de tolondrones y pelado de sus manos. Y, aunque yo juraba no hacerlo con malicia, sino por no hallar mejor camino, no me aprovechaba ni me creía, mas tal era el sentido y el grandísimo entendimiento del traidor.

And this advice he followed to the letter.

So, for revenge, I'd lead him down all the worst roads on purpose to see if he wouldn't get hurt somehow. If there were rocks, I'd take him right over them; if there was mud, I'd lead him through the deepest part. Because even though I didn't keep dry myself, I would have given an eye if I could have hurt two eyes of that man who didn't even have one. Because of this, he was always beating me with the end of his cane so that my head was full of bumps, and with him always pulling on my hair a lot of it was gone. I told him I wasn't doing it on purpose and that I just couldn't find any better roads, but that didn't do any good. The old traitor saw through everything and was so wary that he wouldn't believe me any more.

Y porque vea vuestra merced a cuánto se extendía el ingenio de este astuto ciego, contaré un caso de muchos que con él me acaecieron, en el cual me parece dio bien a entender su gran astucia. Cuando salimos de Salamanca, su motivo fue venir a tierra de Toledo, porque decía ser la gente más rica, aunque no muy limosnera. Arrimábase a este refrán: «Más da el duro que el desnudo». Y vinimos a este camino por los mejores lugares. Donde hallaba buena acogida y ganancia, deteníamonos; donde no, a tercero día hacíamos San Juan.

So that you can see how smart this shrewd blind man was, I'll tell you about one of the many times when I was with him that he really seemed to show a lot of perception. When we left Salamanca, his plan was to go to Toledo because the people were supposed to be richer there, although not very free with their money. But he pinned his hopes on this saying: "You'll get more water from a narrow flowing stream than you will from a deep dry well." And we'd pass through the best places as we went along. Where we were welcomed and were able to get something, we stayed; where this didn't happen, we'd move on after a few days.

Acaeció que, llegando a un lugar que llaman Almorox al tiempo que cogían las uvas, un vendimiador le dio un racimo de ellas en limosna. Y como suelen ir los cestos maltratados, y también porque la uva en aquel tiempo está muy madura, desgranábasele el racimo en la mano. Para echarlo en el fardel, tornábase mosto, y lo que a él se llegaba. Acordó de hacer un banquete, así por no poder llevarlo, como por contentarme, que aquel día me había dado muchos rodillazos y golpes. Sentámonos en un valladar y dijo:

And it happened that as we were coming to a place called Almorox when they were gathering the grapes, a grape picker gave him a bunch as alms. And since the baskets are usually handled pretty roughly and the grapes were very ripe at the time, the bunch started to fall apart in his hand. If we had thrown it in the sack, it and everything it touched would have spoiled. He decided that we'd have a picnic so that it wouldn't go to waste-- and he did it to please me, too, since he'd kicked and beat me quite a bit that day. So we sat down on a low wall, and he said:

-Agora quiero yo usar contigo de una liberalidad, y es que ambos comamos este racimo de uvas y que hayas de él tanta parte como yo. Partillo hemos de esta manera: tú picarás una vez y yo otra, con tal que me prometas no tomar cada vez más de una uva. Yo haré lo mismo hasta que lo acabemos, y de esta suerte no habrá engaño.

"Now I want to be generous with you: we'll share this bunch of grapes, and you can eat as many as I do. We'll divide it like this: you take one, then I'll take one. But you have to promise me that you won't take more than one at a time. I'll do the same until we finish, and that way there won't be any cheating."

Hecho así el concierto, comenzamos; mas luego al segundo lance, el traidor mudó propósito, y comenzó a tomar de dos en dos, considerando que yo debería hacer lo mismo. Como vi que él quebraba la postura, no me contenté ir a la par con él, mas aún pasaba adelante: dos a dos y tres a tres y como podía las comía. Acabado el racimo, estuvo un poco con el escobajo en la mano, y, meneando la cabeza, dijo:

The agreement was made, and we began. But on his second turn, the traitor changed his mind and began to take two at a time, evidently thinking that I was doing the same. But when I saw that he had broken our agreement, I wasn't satisfied with going at his rate of speed. Instead, I went even further: I took two at a time, or three at a time--in fact, I ate them as fast as I could. And when there weren't any grapes left, he just sat there for a while with the stem in his hand, and then he shook his head and said,

-Lázaro, engañado me has. Juraré yo a Dios que has tú comido las uvas tres a tres.
-No comí -dije yo-; mas ¿por qué sospecháis eso? Respondió el sagacísimo ciego:
-¿Sabes en qué veo que las comiste tres a tres? En que comía yo dos a dos y callabas

Reíme entre mí y, aunque muchacho, noté mucho la discreta consideración del ciego. Mas, por no ser prolijo, dejo de contar muchas cosas, así graciosas como de notar, que con este mi primer amo me acaecieron, y quiero decir el despidiente y, con él, acabar.

"Lazaro, you tricked me. I'll swear to God that you ate these grapes three at a time."

"No, I didn't," I said. "But why do you think so?"

That wise old blind man answered, "Do you know how I see that you ate them three at a time? Because I was eating them two at a time, and you didn't say a word."

I laughed to myself, and even though I was only a boy, I was very much aware of the sharpness of that blind man.

But, so that I won't talk too much, I won't tell about a lot of humorous and interesting things that happened to me with my first master. I just want to tell about how we separated, and be done with him.

Estábamos en Escalona, villa del duque de ella, en un mesón, y diome un pedazo de longaniza que le asase. Ya que la longaniza había pringado y comídose las pringadas, sacó un maravedí de la bolsa y mandó que fuese por él de vino a la taberna. Púsome el demonio el aparejo delante los ojos, el cual, como suelen decir, hace al ladrón, y fue que había cabe el fuego un nabo pequeño, larguillo y ruinoso, y tal que, por no ser para la olla, debió ser echado allí. Y como al presente nadie estuviese, sino él y yo solos, como me vi con apetito goloso, habiéndoseme puesto dentro el sabroso olor de la longaniza, del cual solamente sabía que había de gozar, no mirando qué me podría suceder, pospuesto todo el temor por cumplir con el deseo, en tanto que el ciego sacaba de la bolsa el dinero, saqué la longaniza y muy presto metí el sobredicho nabo en el asador, el cual, mi amo, dándome el dinero para el vino, tomó y comenzó a dar vueltas al fuego, queriendo asar al que, de ser cocido, por sus deméritos había escapado.

We were in Escalona, a town owned by the duke of that name, at an inn, and the blind man gave me a piece of sausage to roast for him. When the sausage had been basted and he had sopped up and eaten the drippings with a piece of bread, he took a coin out of his purse and told me to go get him some wine from the tavern. Then the devil put an idea in my head, just like they say he does to thieves. It so happened that near the fire there was a little turnip, kind of long and beat up; it had probably been thrown there because it wasn't good enough for stew.

At that moment he and I were there all alone, and when I whiffed the delicious odor of the sausage, I suddenly got a huge appetite-- and I knew that all I would get of it would be the smell. But the thought of eating that sausage made me lose all my fear: I didn't think for a minute what would happen to me. So while the blind man was getting the money out of his purse, I took the sausage off the spit and quickly put the turnip on. Then the blind man gave me the money for the wine and took hold of the spit, turning it over the fire, trying to cook the very thing that hadn't been cooked before because it was so bad.

Yo fui por el vino, con el cual no tardé en despachar la longaniza y, cuando vine, hallé al pecador del ciego que tenía entre dos rebanadas apretado el nabo, al cual aún no había conocido por no haberlo tentado con la mano. Como tomase las rebanadas y mordiese en ellas pensando también llevar parte de la longaniza, hallóse en frío con el frío nabo. Alteróse y dijo:

I went for the wine, and on the way I downed the sausage. When I came back I found that sinner of a blind man holding the turnip between two slices of bread. He didn't know what it was yet, because he hadn't felt of it. But when he took the bread and bit into it, thinking he would get part of the sausage too, he was suddenly stopped cold by the taste of the cold turnip. He got mad then, and said,

-¿Qué es esto, Lazarillo?
-¡Lacerado de mí! -dije yo-. ¿Si queréis a mí echar algo? ¿Yo no vengo de traer el vino? Alguno estaba ahí y por burlar haría esto.
-No, no -dijo él-, que yo no he dejado el asador de la mano; no es posible. Yo torné a jurar y perjurar que estaba libre de aquel trueco y cambio; mas poco me aprovechó, pues a las astucias del maldito ciego nada se le escondía. Levantóse y asióme por la cabeza y llegóse a olerme. Y como debió sentir el huelgo, a uso de buen podenco, por mejor satisfacerse de la verdad, y con la gran agonía que llevaba, asiéndome con las manos, abríame la boca más de su derecho y desatentadamente metía la nariz. La cual él tenía luenga y afilada, y a aquella sazón, con el enojo, se había aumentado un palmo; con el pico de la cual me llegó a la golilla.

"What is this, Lazarillo?"

"You mean, 'Lacerated,'" I said. "Are you trying to pin something on me? Didn't I just come back from getting the wine? Someone must have been here and played a joke on you."

"Oh, no," he said. "I haven't let the spit out of my hand. No one could have done that."

I kept swearing that I hadn't done any switching around. But it didn't do me any good--I couldn't hide anything from the sharpness of that miserable blind man. He got up and grabbed me by the head and got close so he could smell me. And he must have smelled my breath like a good hound. Really being anxious to find out if he was right, he held on tight and opened my mouth wider than he should have. Then, not very wisely, he stuck in his nose. And it was long and sharp. And his anger had made it swell a bit, so that the point of it hit me in the throat.

Y con esto, y con el gran miedo que tenía, y con la brevedad del tiempo, la negra longaniza aún no había hecho asiento en el estómago; y lo más principal: con el destiento de la cumplidísima nariz, medio cuasi ahogándome, todas estas cosas se juntaron y fueron causa que el hecho y golosina se manifestase y lo suyo fuese vuelto a su dueño. De manera que, antes que el mal ciego sacase de mi boca su trompa, tal alteración sintió mi estómago, que le dio con el hurto en ella, de suerte que su nariz y la negra mal mascada longaniza a un tiempo salieron de mi boca.

So with all this and my being really frightened, along with the fact that the black sausage hadn't had time to settle in my stomach, and especially with the sudden poking in of his very large nose, half choking me--all these things went together and made the crime and the snack show themselves, and the owner got back what belonged to him. What happened was that before the blind man could take his beak out of my mouth, my stomach got so upset that it hit his nose with what I had stolen. So his nose and the black, half-chewed sausage both left my mouth at the same time.

¡Oh gran Dios, quién estuviera aquella hora sepultado, que muerto ya lo estaba! Fue tal el coraje del perverso ciego, que, si al ruido no acudieran, pienso no me dejara con la vida. Sacáronme de entre sus manos, dejándoselas llenas de aquellos pocos cabellos que tenía, arañada la cara y rascuñado el pescuezo y la garganta. Y esto bien lo merecía, pues por su maldad me venían tantas persecuciones.

Oh, Almighty God! I was wishing I'd been buried at that very moment, because I was already dead. The perverse blind man was so mad that if people hadn't come at the noise, I think he would have killed me. They pulled me out of his hands, and he was left with what few hairs had still been in my head. My face was all scratched up, and my neck and throat were clawed. But my throat really deserved its rough treatment because it was only on account of what it had done that I'd been beaten.

Contaba el mal ciego a todos cuantos allí se allegaban mis desastres, y dábales cuenta una y otra vez, así de la del jarro como de la del racimo, y agora de lo presente. Era la risa de todos tan grande, que toda la gente que por la calle pasaba entraba a ver la fiesta; mas con tanta gracia y donaire contaba el ciego mis hazañas, que, aunque yo estaba tan maltratado y llorando, me parecía que hacía sinjusticia en no reírselas.

Then that rotten blind man told everyone there about the things I'd done, and he told them over and over about the jug and the grapes and this last incident.

They laughed so hard that all the people who were going by in the street came in to see the fun. But the blind man told them about my tricks with such wit and cleverness that, even though I was hurt and crying, I felt that it would have been wrong for me not to laugh too.

Y en cuanto esto pasaba, a la memoria me vino una cobardía y flojedad que hice, por que me maldecía, y fue no dejalle sin narices, pues tan buen tiempo tuve para ello, que la meitad del camino estaba andado; que con sólo apretar los dientes se me quedaran en casa, y, con ser de aquel malvado, por ventura lo retuviera mejor mi estómago que retuvo la longaniza, y, no pareciendo ellas, pudiera negar la demanda. ¡Pluguiera a Dios que lo hubiera hecho, que eso fuera así que así!

And while this was going on I suddenly remembered that I'd been negligent and cowardly, and I began to swear at myself: I should have bitten off his nose. I'd had the opportunity to do it; in fact, half of the work had already been done for me. If only I'd clamped down with my teeth, I'd have had it trapped. Even though it belonged to that skunk, my stomach would probably have held it better than it held the sausage; and since there wouldn't have been any evidence, I could have denied the crime. I wish to God I'd have done it. It wouldn't have been a bad idea at all!

Hiciéronnos amigos la mesonera y los que allí estaban, y, con el vino que para beber le había traído, laváronme la cara y la garganta. Sobre lo cual discantaba el mal ciego donaires, diciendo:
-Por verdad, más vino me gasta este mozo en lavatorios al cabo del año, que yo bebo en dos. A lo menos, Lázaro, eres en más cargo al vino que a tu padre, porque él una vez te engendró, mas el vino mil te ha dado la vida.

The lady running the inn and the others there made us stop our fighting, and they washed my face and throat with the wine I'd brought for him to drink. Then the dirty blind man made up jokes about it, saying things like: "The truth of the matter is I use more wine washing this boy in one year than I drink in two." And: "At least, Lazaro, you owe more to wine than you do to your father--he only gave you life once, but wine has brought you to life a thousand times."

Y luego contaba cuántas veces me había descalabrado y harpado la cara, y con vino luego sanaba.
-Yo te digo -dijo- que, si hombre en el mundo ha de ser bienaventurado con vino, que serás tú. Y reían mucho los que me lavaban con esto, aunque yo renegaba. Mas el pronóstico del ciego no salió mentiroso, y después acá muchas veces me acuerdo de aquel hombre, que sin duda debía tener espíritu de profecía, y me pesa de los sinsabores que le hice, aunque bien se lo pagué, considerando lo que aquel día me dijo salirme tan verdadero como adelante vuestra merced oirá.

Then he told about all the times he'd beaten me and scratched my face and then doctored me up with wine.

"I tell you," he said, "if there's one man in the world who will be blessed by wine, it's you."

And the people who were washing me laughed out loud, while I was swearing.

But the blind man's prophecy wasn't wrong, and since then I've often thought about that man who must have had a gift for telling the future. And I feel sorry about the bad things I did to him, although I really paid him back, since what he told me that day happened just like he said it would, as you'll see later on.

Visto esto y las malas burlas que el ciego burlaba de mí, determiné de todo en todo dejalle, y, como lo traía pensado y lo tenía en voluntad, con este postrer juego que me hizo afirmélo más.
Y fue así que luego otro día salimos por la villa a pedir limosna, y había llovido mucho la noche antes; y porque el día también llovía, y andaba rezando debajo de unos portales que en aquel pueblo había, donde no nos mojamos, mas como la noche se venía y el llover no cesaba, díjome el ciego:

Because of this and the dirty tricks the blind man played on me, I decided to leave him for good. And since I had thought about it and really had my mind set on it, this last trick of his only made me more determined. So the next day we went into town to beg. It had rained quite a bit the night before, and since it was still raining that day, he went around praying under the arcades in the town so we wouldn't get wet. But with night coming on and there still being no let up, the blind man said to me,

-Lázaro, esta agua es muy porfiada, y cuanto la noche más cierra, más recia. Acojámonos a la posada con tiempo.
Para ir allá habíamos de pasar un arroyo, que con la mucha agua iba grande. Yo le dije:
-Tío, el arroyo va muy ancho; mas si queréis, yo veo por donde travesemos más aína sin mojarnos, porque se estrecha allí mucho y, saltando, pasaremos a pie enjuto.

"Lazaro, this rain isn't going to stop, and the later it gets the harder it's coming down. Let's go inside the inn before there's a real downpour."

To get there we had to cross over a ditch that was full of water from the rain. And I said to him; "Sir, the water's too wide to cross here, but if you'd like, I see an easier place to get across, and we won't get wet either. It's very narrow there, and if we jump we'll keep our feet dry."

Parecióle buen consejo y dijo:
-Discreto eres, por esto te quiero bien; llévame a ese lugar donde el arroyo se ensangosta, que agora es invierno y sabe mal el agua, y más llevar los pies mojados.

That seemed like a good idea to him, and he said, "You're pretty clever. That's why I like you so much. Take me to the place where the ditch is narrow. It's winter now, and I don't care for water any time, and especially not when I get my feet wet."

Yo que vi el aparejo a mi deseo, saquéle de bajo de los portales y llevélo derecho de un pilar o poste de piedra que en la plaza estaba, sobre el cual y sobre otros cargaban saledizos de aquellas casas, y dígole:
-Tío, éste es el paso más angosto que en el arroyo hay. Como llovía recio y el triste se mojaba, y con la priesa que llevábamos de salir del agua, que encima de nos caía, y, lo más principal, porque Dios le cegó aquella hora el entendimiento (fue por darme de él venganza), creyóse de mí, y dijo:

Seeing that the time was ripe, I led him under the arcades, to a spot right in front of a sort of pillar or stone post that was in the plaza--one of those that hold up the overhanging arches of the houses. And I said to him, "Sir, this is the narrowest place along the whole ditch."

It was really raining hard and the poor man was getting wet. This, along with the fact that we were in a hurry to get out of the water that was pouring down on us--and especially because God clouded his mind so I could get revenge--made him believe me, and he said,

-Ponme bien derecho y salta tú el arroyo
Yo le puse bien derecho enfrente del pilar, y doy un salto y póngome detrás del poste, como quien espera tope de toro, y díjele:
-¡Sus, saltad todo lo que podáis, porque deis de este cabo del agua! Aun apenas lo había acabado de decir, cuando se abalanza el pobre ciego como cabrón y de toda su fuerza arremete, tomando un paso atrás de la corrida para hacer mayor salto, y da con la cabeza en el poste, que sonó tan recio como si diera con una gran calabaza, y cayó luego para atrás medio muerto y hendida la cabeza

"Point me in the right direction, and you jump over the water."

I put him right in front of the pillar. Then I jumped and got behind the post like someone waiting for a bull to charge, and I said to him, "Come on, jump as far as you can so you'll miss the water."

As soon as I'd said that, the poor blind man charged like an old goat. First he took one step back to get a running start, and then he hurled himself forward with all his might. His head hit the post with a hollow sound like a pumpkin. Then he fell over backward, half dead, with his head split open.

"What? You mean to say you smelled the sausage but not the post? Smell it, smell it!" I said, and I left him in the hands of all the people who had run to help him.

I reached the village gate on the run, and before night fell I made it to Torrijos. I didn't know what God had done with him, and I never made any attempt to find out.