de means of and from and is used with some adverbs
II
de forms the genitive (= of)
III
de means from
IV
de in adverbial constructions
V
de and por
12.4 de
I. de means of and from and is used
with some adverbs
¿De
dónde vienes? = Where are
you from?
Esta madera viene
del Brasil. = This wood comes from Brazil.
El perro de Baskerville. = The dog of Baskerville
Una olla sin tapa
consume más del doble del calor que
uno tapado.
= A pan without a cover consumes more than
double (of) the heat than one covered.
II. de forms the genitive
de forms the genitive
(saying whose something is). It is translated directly
as of.
In this case, the translation is not of, but a genitive.
El
techo de la casa es verde. = The roof of the house
is green.
Abrieron la puerta
de mi casa por la fuerza. = They opened
the door of my house by force.
III. de when describing origin or material:
of, from
Esta
mesa es de madera. = This table is
made of wood.
Estos coches vienen
del Japón. = These cars come
from Japan.
IV. de in adverbial constructions
Some adverbial constructions are formed with de.
Lo
aprende de memoria.
= She learns it by heart. (de memoria = by
heart)
Comimos
de prisa porque el tren iba a partir en cinco
minutos.
= We ate in a hurry because the train was
leaving in five minutes. (de
prisa = in a hurry)
Me
muero de risa. = I laugh myself to death. (de
risa = laughing)
Me
muero de hambre.
= I starve to death.
V. de vs. por
Sometimes the preposition de is used when giving a
reason.
Gritaron
de dolor. = They screamed with pain.
No pudimos dormir por
el calor que hacía. = We could not
sleep because of the heat.
